First Conditional — важная тема в английской грамматике. Условные предложения 1 типа употребляются очень часто. Поэтому Вам просто необходимо хорошенько отработать данную тему. Следующие 12 conditionals упражнения окажутся Вам, несомненно, полезными.
Давайте немного вспомним теорию!
I тип условных предложений
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Употребление |
Придаточное пр. |
Главное пр. |
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Эти предложения выражают вполне реальные, осуществимые предположения, относящиеся к будущему или настоящему времени. |
Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect |
Future Simple, can, may, might, must, should, Imperative |
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If the weather is nice, we’ll go for a walk. – Если погода будет хорошая, мы пойдём на прогулку. If you have taken the books, you can start working on your article. If you see Greg, ask him to ring me up. Если вы увидите Грега, попросите его позвонить мне по телефону |
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Как видите, употребление – не самая сложная тема. Несколько хороших упражнений – и Вы овладеете ей в совершенстве. Итак, переходим к conditionals упражнениям.
First Conditional Exercises.
Упражнение 1. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Present Indefinite or the Future Indefinite Tense.
- If Peter __________ (come) to my place, we__________ (go) to play in the yard.
- If Peter__________ (not come) to my place, I __________ (watch) TV.
- If Frank’s parents__________ (have) their holidays in summer, they __________ (go) to the seaside.
- If they __________ (have) their holidays in winter, they __________ (stay) at home.
- If the fog _______ (thicken), Harold _______ (put up) the tent for the night.
- When I _______ (finish) my work, I_______ (go) to the cinema.
- We_______ (buy) this book as soon as our mother_______ (give) us some money.
- When we _______ (come) to your place you_______ (show) us your present.
- I_______ (return) you your ring when you_______ (ask) me.
- I_______ (wait) for my friend until he_______ (come) from the shop.
- My father_______ (start) writing before the sun _______ (rise).
- As soon as you _______ (finish) your study I_______ (present) you with a new flat.
Упражнение 2. Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense to form the First Conditional.
Maria is a girl from your country. She is studying English and she"d like to visit an English-speaking country.
If Maria (go) abroad, she (go) to England or America. She (visit) London if she (go) to England. If she (stay) in London, she (spend) much money. She (not be able) to stay for long if she (spend) all her money. If her holiday (be) very short, she (not practice) her English. It (be) a pity if she (not try) to speak English.
Упражнение 3. Make up conditional 1 sentences with if-clauses.
Example: Molly leave now / catch the bus .
If Molly leaves now, she’ll catch the bus.
- stay in bed / feel better
- work hard / get a job
- go shopping / spend much money
- ride a bike / get there quickly —
- eat carrots/see well in the dark .
- come now/go out together
Упражнение 4. Connect the sentences with when or if to form the first conditional.
Jack will come. We shall play chess. - When Jack comes, we shall play chess.
- All the pupils will come to school tomorrow. We shall write a test then.
- I’ll meet Ann after school. I’ll give her my album.
- You’ll not do your homework. The teacher will be angry.
- Mike won’t come today. We’ll play football without him.
- I’ll finish school with good marks. My father will take me to the seaside. .
- My school record may not be very good. Mom will be very upset.
Упражнение 5. Continue the chain stories. Use conditional 1.
If Brian has a lot of money, he’ll buy a bike.
If he buys a bike, he’ll ...
If he rides it ...
If you don’t do well at school, you’ll become a bad pupil.
If you become a bad pupil, you’ll stay ...
Упражнение 6. Study the list of prizes and speak for Nick and Tom, using conditional 1.
When Nick has breakfast at Tom’s house, he sees a packet of cornflakes on the table. On the back of it he sees this paper.
ANSWER AND WIN ONE OF THESE WONDERFUL PRIZES!
1st prize - a holiday in New York,
2nd prize - a motor-bike.
3rd-5th prize - a tent.
6th-12th prize - a cassette-recorder.
13th-20th prize - a camera.
21st-36th prize - an alarm-clock.
37th-50th prize - a book of flowers of Britain.
51st-99th prize - a T-shirt with Big Ben on it.
After reading it Tom has sent the answers.
a) Nick says to Tom:
- If you win the first prize, you’ll get a holiday in New York.
- If you win the second prize, you’ll get ... .
- If you win the third prize, you’ll ...
- If you win ...
- If ...
- If ...
- If ...
- If ...
- If I win a holiday in New York, I’ll come and visit you.
- If I win …
- If I …
Упражнение 7. Make conditional sentences.
- I’ll buy a colour film and take a lot of pictures if …
- I’ll have a party and we can dance to music if …
- I’ll go camping in the Lake District if …
- Molly’ll learn a lot of things if…
- I shan’t sit with you at the same desk unless…
- I’ll send her a letter as soon as …
- If he does his homework every day he …
- If he comes in the afternoon we …
- If you live in a big city what …?
- If Milly gives me her address, I …
- If you don’t stop talking, the teacher …
Упражнение 8. Answer the questions in conditional 1.
What will you do
- if it rains on Sunday?
- if your friends don’t play with you?
- if your TV doesn’t work this evening?
- if you lose your school record-book?
- when the lessons are over?
- when your holiday comes?
- when your friend comes to see you tonight?
- when you finish your homework?
Упражнение 9. Imagine that you are eighteen and you have finished school. What will you do then? Develop the following situation. Begin like this.
When I’m eighteen, I think I’ll I don’t think I’ll ..., but if , I’ll try
Упражнение 10. Join two sentences into one using if.
- It will rain today. We shall not go for a walk.
- Don’t move. You’ll fall down.
- The wind will change. There will be snow.
- I’ll be careful. I will not break the cups.
- You have free time now. Come for a walk with me.
- I’ll go hiking in summer. I’ll see a lot of interesting things.
- He’ll go shopping. He’ll buy some exercise-books for me.
Упражнение 11. Complete the sentences.
- Your Dad will get angry if you ... .
- My Mum will be happy if I ... .
- My sister will shout at me if I ...
- The teacher will not be happy if we ...
- You will do well at school if you ...
Упражнение 12. Write answers to the questions.
- What will you do if you jump into the river and see a crocodile there?
- What will your mother do if you break her favourite vase?
- What will the teacher do if you don’t do what she asks you to do?
- What will your friends do if you call them bad names?
- What will you do if you loose your school record- book? .
Ну вот и все на сегодня по теме условные предложения 1 типа. I hope you find these first conditional exercises useful. Сonditionals упражнения позволят Вам почувствовать уверенность в своем английском!
| Тип | Придаточное предложение (условие) | Главное предложение | Пример | Перевод |
| 1 . Реальное условие, относящееся к настоящему, будущему или прошедшему времени | Present Simple V/Vs | Future Simple shall/will + V | If I have money, I will buy a car. If the weather is fine, we will go for a walk. |
Если у меня будут деньги, я куплю машину. Если погода будет хорошая, мы пойдем гулять. |
| 2. Нереальное или маловероятное условие, относящееся к настоящему или будущему времени | Past Simple 2fV Глагол to be будет иметь форму множественного числа |
Future-in-the Past Simple would/should/ could/might + V | If the weather was fine, I went for a walk. If I were a princess, I would live in a palace. If I had money, I would buy a car. |
Если погода была хорошей, мы ходили гулять. Если бы я была принцессой, я бы жила во дворце. Если бы у меня были деньги, я бы купил машину. |
| 3. Нереальное условие, относящееся к прошлому времени | Past Perfect had + 3fV | Future-in-the Past Perfect would/should/could/might + have + 3fV | If I had had money last year, I would have bought a car. | Если бы у меня были деньги в прошлом году, я бы купил машину. |
Бессоюзные условные предложения
Если условные (придаточные) предложения содержат глаголы had, were, could, should, то возможно бессоюзная связь главного и придаточного предложений. В этом случае эти глаголы ставятся перед подлежащим, союз if опускается. Такой порядок слов называется инверсией.
Перевод таких предложений следует начинать с союза «если бы».
E.g. Had he a dictionary, he could translate the text. – Если бы у него был словарь, он смог бы перевести текст.
Should he come, ask him to wait. – Если он придет, попросите его подождать.
Условные предложения. Сослагательное наклонение после "I wish”
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Условные предложения I типа |
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| If I Если я |
live in the country буду жить за городом, find my book найду свою книгу |
I shall Я буду |
bathe every day. купаться каждый день. be very glad. очень рад. |
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Условные предложения II типа |
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| I wish I were If I were Если бы я был |
at the camp в лагере a scientist ученым |
I should я бы |
have a very good time. хорошо проводил время. invent a time machine. изобрел машину времени. |
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Условные предложения III типа |
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| I wish I had Если бы я был If I had Если бы я был |
translated the article yesterday перевел статью. learned my lesson выучил урок |
I should have Я бы |
found out all about this discovery. узнал бы все об этом открытии. got a good mark. получил бы хорошую отметку. |
Упражнение 1.
Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения.
1. I’ll ask Tom if I see him today.
2. We would go to the party if we had time tomorrow.
3. She would pass her exam next month if she worked harder.
4. She would be happy if she met him at the party next Sunday.
5. We’ll go nowhere tomorrow if it rains.
6. If she knew his phone number, she would call him next week.
7. If J. London had not learned life from his own experience, he could not have written his great works.
8. Had the science of radio not been developed so rapidly, we should not have got such remarkable changes in the technique today.
9. Had he been a young man, he would have taken part in the expedition.
10. If you had applied this method, you would have got better results.
Упражнение 2.
Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму
1. The trains all (stop) … if it snowed heavily.
2. If you (go out) … in cold weather without a coat, you would catch a cold.
3. If I saw a cheap second- hand car, I (buy) … it.
4. If you ate well and exercised regularly, you (live) … 100 years.
5. You would have had stomach ache if you (eat) … too much of that cake.
6. If it (rain) … this afternoon, I (take)… my umbrella.
7. If you did not drive carefully, you (have) … an accident.
8. If you (study) … for a higher qualification, you (get) … a better job next year.
9. If you sent the letter by first class mail, it (get) … there the following day.
10. If the weather is fine, we (go) for a picnic.
Упражнение 3.
Завершите следующие предложения.
1. I’ll ask him to lend me the money (если я вижу его).
2. You’ll be late (если не поедете на автобусе).
3. Will you help me (если мне нужна будет ваша помощь)?
4. I’d lend you the money (если бы у меня были деньги).
5. If I had her address (я бы дал вам его).
6. If they had gone by car, (они бы сэкономили время).
7. If my mother won a million pounds, (она бы потратила их очень быстро).
8. If I had more time, (я бы прочитал больше книг).
9. (если я буду чувствовать себя хорошо), I’ll be in class tomorrow.
10. He would have come to the party last Sunday (если бы его пригласили).
Упражнение 4.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в соответствующей форме.
1. If I (to have) this rare book, I should gladly lend it to you.
2. The dish would have been much more tasty if she (to be) a better cook.
3. He never (to phone) you if I hadn’t reminded him to do that.
4. Your brother (to become) much stronger if he took cold baths regularly.
5. If he (to be) more courageous, he would not be afraid.
6. If the fisherman had been less patient, he (not to catch) so much fish.
7. If you (to put) the ice-cream into the refrigerator, it would not have melted.
8. If I (to know) the result now, I would phone her immediately.
9. If you had let me know yesterday, I (to bring) you my book.
10. If it (to snow), the children will play snowballs.
Упражнение 5.
Образуйте условные предложения.
Ex.g.: The weather is not fine and we won’t go for a walk. – If the weather is fine, we will go for a walk”.
1. He is busy and does not come. If…
2. The girl did not study well last year and received bad marks. If…
3. He broke his bicycle and so he did not go to the country. If…
4.He speaks English badly: he has no practice. If…
5. I had a bad headache yesterday, that’s why I did not come to see you. If…
6. The ship was sailing near the coast, that’s why it struck a rock. If…
7. He was not in town, therefore he was not present at our meeting. If…
8. The pavement was so slippery that I fell and hurt my leg. If…
9. The sea is rough, and we cannot sail to the island. If …
10. They made a fire, and the frightened wolves ran away. If …
Упражнение 6.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в соответствующей форме сослагательного наклонения после "I wish”.
1. The unfortunate pupil wishes he (not to forget) to learn the rule.
2. I wish I (to have) a season ticket to the Philharmonic next winter.
3. I wish I (to consult) the teacher when I first felt that mathematics was too difficult for me.
4. I love sunny weather. I wish it (to be) warm and fine all the year round.
5. I wish I (not to lend) Nick my watch: he has broken it.
6. I wish you (to send) word as soon as you arrive.
7. I wish I (not to have) to do my homework every day.
8. I wish you (to go) skiing with me yesterday: I had such a good time!
9. I wish I (to know) Spanish.
10. I wish I (not to drink) so much coffee in the evening: I could not sleep half the night.
Упражнение 7
Переведите на английский язык.
1. Если бы он не был так близорук (short-sighted), он бы узнал меня вчера в театре.
2. Она здорова. Если бы она была больна, ее брат сказал бы мне об этом вчера.
3. Вы бы много знали, если бы регулярно читали этот журнал.
4. Если бы я узнала об этом раньше, то не сидела бы сейчас дома.
5. Если бы мои родители были богаты, они бы уже давно купили мне машину.
6. Она очень талантлива. Хорошо бы родители купили ей пианино. Если она начнет играть сейчас, она будет выдающимся (distinguished) музыкантом.
7. Если бы я знал французский, я бы уже давно поговорил с ней.
8. Если бы я знал немецкий язык, я бы читал Гете в оригинале (in the original).
9. Если бы я жил близко, я бы чаще (more often) заходил к вам.
10. Если бы вы не прервали (to interrupt) нас вчера, мы бы закончили работу в срок.
Упражнение 8.
Допишите следующие предложения.
1. You would know English better if …
2. I should have left Moscow yesterday if …
3. If I were you, …
4. If I had known that it was going to rain, …
5. I shall go for a walk, if …
6. I should lend you my textbook if …
7. If we had bought the tickets, …
8. If they were here, …
9. We should be glad if …
10. If he were younger, …
Упражнение 9.
Опустите союз в следующих условных предложениях, сделав соответствующие изменения в предложении.
Ex.g.: If we had gone there later, we would have seen them. – Had we gone there later, we would have seen them».
1. If I had time, I should study French.
2. If you should find them, kindly let me know.
3. If they had called at the office yesterday, they would have found me there.
4. If I had seen him yesterday, I should have told him about it.
5. If he were here I should speak to him.
6. If he were in town, he would help us.
7. If he should come, tell him to wait.
8. If I had enough money, I would travel.
9. If I were you, I should go there immediately.
10. If I were in his place, I should refuse.
Conditional sentences
(grammar material,practice)
Compiled by V.Kiselyova
Conditional sentences I
( Условные предложения I типа )
Состоят из главного предложения и придаточного предложения условия.
Они выражают реальные условия,относящиеся к настоящему или будущему
времени.
Схемы условных предложений I типа
If … V 1(-S) … … will V 1 ... … . 1)
Придаточное услов. Главное
If I have time I will visit an exhibition.
(Pr.Simple) (Future Simple)
... will V (1) … … if … V 1(-S) … . 2)
Главноепридаточноеусловия
The children will get good marks if they write the test correctly.
(Future Simple) (Present Simple)
«если» - в условных предложениях (Present Simple )
If
«ли» - в косвенных общих вопросах (Future Simple )
Practice
I
1. If I … him I will invite him to join us.
a) will see b) see
2. We’ll be late unless we … .
a) will hurry b) hurry
3. If it … fine tomorrow,we’ll go for a picnic.
a) is b) will be
4. If I see him,I … him that book.
a) will give b) give
5. If he … all these apples,he will be ill.
a) eats b) will eat
6. If you … away,I’ll call my brother.
a) will not go b) do not go
7. If he … late,we’ll go without him.
a) will be b) is
8. If he … hard today,can he have a holiday next week?
a) works b) will work
9. If you … this magazine,I’ll bring you another.
a) will not like b) do not like
10. If he … university now,he will be sorry afterwards
a) leaves b) will leave
II 1. I’ll look for your book and if I (find) it I (give) you a ring.
If you put the ice cubes into very hot water,they (crack).
If he (win),he (get) 100,000 dollars;if he (come) in second,he (get) 50,ooo.
If he (want) more money,he (have) to do more work.
If you (not take) this book to the library tomorrow,you (have) to pay a fine.
If you (like),I (get) you a job in this company.
If the weather (be) good,we (go) to the country.
I (tell) him the whole truth if I (know) it.
If he (invite) me,I (go) to his party.
If it (freeze) tonight,the roads (be) very slippery tomorrow.
III 1. We wonder if he (come) home on time.
They ask if the boy (want) to join us.
If the weather (be) fine tomorrow,we’ll go for a walk.
I don’t know if she (come) to the party.
The mother wants to know if her son (take) part in the concert.
If it (rain) we (take) umbrellas.
The teacher wonders if you (make) a report at the next lesson.
The child (fall) ill if he (go) to bed too late every day.
IV Finish the sentences.
If I go to the USA this summer,I will visit … .
If I feel hungry this evening,I will eat … .
If I have time next weekend,I shall go … .
If I have to write a story for homework,I will write about … .
If you come to my home,you will see … .
If it is cold tomorrow,I will put on … .
If we finish early today … .
If I quarrel with my parents … .
If I lose my keys … .
If we get too much homework … .
If my fried gets into trouble … .
I’ll eat my hat if … .
We will be very happy if … .
I will be angry with my friend if … .
Will you help me if … ?
V Make up sentences.
If I go to …,I’ll see (visit)… .
You’ll see …,if you travel (go) to … .
Tests
I 1. If you go to the party you (enjoy) every minute of it.
2. My friend (get) the first place if he (take) part in the competition.
3. Она приготовит очень вкусный обед,если придут друзья.
II 1. I will come home late if I (stay) to make a wall newspaper.
The students (attend) the lecture if it (be) interesting.
Если мои родители достанут билеты,они пойдут вечером в
театр.
III 1. If my friend (come) to see me,I will be very glad.
If mother buys a cake,we (have) a very nice tea party.
IV 1. If you (be) free,I shall come to see you.
If she knows English,she (try) to enter the university.
If I (live) in Moscow,I (visit) the Tretyakov Gallery.
Live in the South go to bed at once
Come home late bathe every day
If I receive his letter I will be very sorry
Find my book be very glad
Lose my money be very happy
See my friend ask his advice
VI 1. If it snows,we … at home.
A) stay b) will stay
2. If she gives him her address,he … her a letter.
A) will write b) writes
VIII 1. We (drink) tea,if we (have no) coffee.
My friend (go) to the USA,if he (win) the competition.
Poem
Will You Come?
Will you come? Would you come?
Will you come? Would you come
Will you ride If the noon
So late Gave light,
At my side? Not the moon?
O,will you come? Beautiful,would you come?
Will you come? Would you have come?
Will you come Would you have come
If the night Without scorning,
Has a moon Had it been
Full and bright? Still morning?
O,will you come? Beloved,would you have come?
If you come,
Haste and come.
Owls have cried;
It grows dark
To ride.
Beloved,beautiful,come!
Edward Thomas
Conditional sentences II
(Условные предложения II типа)
Выражают маловероятные и нереальные условия,относящиеся к настоящему
или будущему времени.
Схемы условных предложений II типа
1) If … V 2 … … would V 1 … … .
Придаточное главное
If we visited the Tretyakov Gallery we would see paintings of famous artists.
Придаточное главное
2) … would V 1 … … if … V 2 … … .
Главноепридаточное
They would speak English fluently if they learned the words.
Future-in-the Past Past Simple
Главное придаточное
В придаточных предложениях – was were - для всех лиц и чисел
If I were you I would not make such a mistake.
«если бы» - в условных предложениях (Past Simple )
If
«ли» - в косвенных вопросах (Future-in-the Past)
Practice
Insert the verbs in the correct form.
If I had a spare ticket,I … take you to the cinema.
a) would b) will
2. John suggested that I should … for another job.
A) look b) have looked
3. If she … you,she would be able to advise you.
A) had been b) were
4. We were afraid lest he should … too early.
A) have come b) come
5. She would buy a new fur coat if her husband … enough money.
A) would give b) gave
6. If the students attended all the lectures,they … their exams successfully.
A) would pass b) passed
7. If I were you I … him.
A) would not forgive b) did not forgive
8. I would help the poor if I … very rich.
A) would be b) were
9. If I were a doctor,I … people healthy.
A) made b) would make
10. They … to the country if the weather were better.
A) would go b) went
II 1. If I (know) his name,I’d give it to you.
He (look) a lot better if he did more esercise.
If he worked more carefully,he (not make) so many mistakes.
I wouldn’t do that if I (be) you.
More tourists would come to this seaside if it (have) better climate.
If someone (give) you a submarine,what would you do with it?
If you (not belong) to a union,you couldn’t get a job.
If I (win) a big prize in a lottery,I’d give up my job.
He might get fat if he (go on) eating like that.
If he knew that it was dangerous,he (not come).
III 1. If you (go) on a diet,you (lose) weight.
If we (work) all night,we (finish) in time.
If I see a tiger walking across Hyde Park,I (climb) a tree.
If you (keep) a cat,the mice (not run) about everywhere.
If it (be) summer,the people (not sit) round that big fire.
If you (paint) the walls white,the room (be) much bigger.
If he (take) any exercise,he (not be) so unhealthy.
If they (speak) English to her,her English (improve).
If I (ask) him for help,he (help) me.
If I (know) his address,I (can) write to him.
IV Finish the sentences.
If you ate less … .
If she practiced more … .
You would look better if … .
If you came in time … .
If you didn’t shake the camera so much,your photographs … .
If I could live anywhere I wanted,I would live … .
If I had a museum,I would collect … .
If we were all geniuses … .
If you came to visit me … .
I would stand on my head if … .
I would go to the Canary Isles if … .
V Make “Chains of events”.
1. (Boys) – If I won a car in a lottery … .
2. (Girls) – If I won the title of “Miss Universe” … .
Poem
Quiet Girl
I would liken you
To a night without stars.
Were it not for your eyes.
I would liken you
To a sleep without dreams
Were it not for your songs.
Langston Hughes
Conditional sentences III
( Условные предложения III типа)
Выражают совершенно невыполнимые условия ,не реализованные в прошлом.
Схемы условных предложений III типа
1) If … had V 3 … … would have V 3 … … .
Придаточное главное
(Past Perfect) (Future Perfect)
If you had known grammar better your composition would have been a success.
2) … would have V 3 … … if … had V 3 … … .
Главноепридаточное
The children would have travelled to England if the tickets had been free.
If «если бы»
I Match the parts of the sentences.
1. I would have bought a new coat if a)she would not have waited
2. He would have given her diamonds if for him so long.
3. Her life mighthave been saved if b)everything would have been
4. If he had taken my advice all right.
5. If you have checked the petrol before we started c)only I had had enough
6. If she had not loved him money.
D)he had stolen them from the
Museum.
E)the doctors had taken better
Care of her.
F)we would not have made so
Many stops.
II Insert the verbs in the correct form.
If I had known that you were in hospital,I … you.
a) would have visited b) had visited
2. If you … ten minutes earlier,you would have got a seat.
a) would have arrived b) had arrived
3. I wouldn’t have believed it if I … it with my own eyes.
a) had not seen b) would not have seen
4. If I … that you were coming,I’d baked a cake.
a) would have known b) had known
5. If I … what a bad driver you were,I wouldn’t have gone with you.
a) had realized b) would have realized
6. If he had known that the river was dangerous,he … to swim across it.
a) would not have tried b) had not tried
7. If you … more slowly,he might have understood you.
a) had spoken b) would have spoken
8. If he had known the whole story,he … so angry.
a) would not have been b) had not been
9. If I … again,I think that I would have succeeded.
a) would have tried b) had tried
10. If I … ready when he called,he would have taken me with him.
a) would have been b) had been
III 1. If there (be) any snow round there,we (go) skiing.
If my friend (know) my address,he (find) my house.
If I (receive) your letter,I (answer) it.
If he (give up) smoking,he (look) better.
If we (invite) them,they (come) to our party.
If I (know) they need me,I (come) at once.
If we (learn) the truth,she (be) very angry.
If he (study) more,he (pass) his exam easily.
If the story hadn’t been true,the newspaper (not print) it.
We (go) by air if we (have) enough money.
IV Make “Chains of events”.
If Cinderella hadn’t met a Fairy … … .
If Prince Gvidon and his mother hadn’t been thrown into the ocean in the
barrel … … .
If tsar Dadon hadn’t taken the golden cock from the wise old man … … .
Tests
Variant 1
What … you … if your car was broken?
A) will … do; B) would … do
b) All the students … the lesson if the teacher explains it again.
A) will understand; B) would understand
c) If you paid more attention to grammar,you … the composition better.
A) will write; B) would write
d) If you found a purse in the street,you … it to the police.
A) will take; B) would take
e) My parents … upset,if I lose my key.
A) will be; B) would be
f) You … a good time if you stayed at a hotel.
A) will have; B) would have
g) We … to the theatre if Peter wasn’t well.
h) If the weather was bad,we … out.
A) would not go; B) would not have gone
i) If he had stopped the bus,the accident … .
A) would happen; B) would have happened
j) I would have gone out if my mother … at home.
A) wasn’t; B) had been
k) If I … George,I would have invited him to the party.
A) knew; B) had known
l) If youhad done that,you … all right.
A) would have been; B) would be
Translate into English.
Я пришёл бы к вам вчера,если бы вы позвонили мне.
На вашем месте я попытался бы поехать в 3 часа.
Variant 2
Choose the right form of the verb.
What … he … if he won a million dollars?
A) will … do; B) would do
b) If they catch the train,they … in time.
A) will arrive; B) would arrive
c) If you took more exercise,you … better.
A) will feel; B) would feel
d) If it stopped raining,they … shopping.
A) will go; B) would go
e) If I didn’t pass my exam,I … on vacation.
A) will not go; B) would not go
f) I … very angry,if you did not come to my birthday.
A) will feel; B) would feel
g) If I had known it,I … to meet them.
A) would go; B) would have gone
h) If the bloue matched the shirt,she … it.
A) would buy; B) would have bought
i) If you didn’t wear a warm coat,you … cold.
A) would be; B) would have been
j) He would have been late for his job if he … the train.
A) had missed; B) missed
k) If you … that,you would be poisoned.
A) drank; B) had drunk
l) If the weather … warmer they would have enjoyed the picnic.
A) had been; B) was
Translate into English.
Я бы ему написал,если бы вчера узнал его адрес.
Если бы я поехал в Атланту,я бы посетил Музей «Кока-колы».
Ключи к тесту:
B d) B g) A j) BA e) A h) A k) B
B f) B i) B l) A
a) B d) B g) B j) A
b) A e) B h) A k) A
C) B f) B i) A l) A
Задание 2
Задание 2
а ) I would have come to you
yesterday,if you had called me.
b) If I were you,I would try to
go at 3 o’clock.
a) I would have written him,if
I had known his address yester-
day.
b) If I went to Atlanta,I would
visit Coca-cola museum.
Short tests (5-10 minutes)
Conditionals II
Put the verbs in the right form.
If he (not read) so much,he would not be so clever.
If you were not so careless about your health,you (consult) the doctor.
My father (have) more free time if he (not read) so many newspapers.
If she (not be) so absent-minded,she would be a much better student.
If you were a poet,you (write) beautiful poems.
If you (ring) me up,I (tell) you a secret.
Conditionals III
If I had met you yesterday I (tell) you something.
I (get) a good mark if I had learned my lessons.
If I (read) this new book I (find) out all about this discovery.
If she (not help) me,I should have been in a very tough situation.
He (meet) his friend if he had come to our house yesterday.
If you (let) me know yesterday,I (bring) you my book.
Open the brackets and write each sentence in the I,II and III types of Conditionals.
If you (be) free,I (come) to see you.
If I (see) her,I (be) glad.
If we (receive) a telegram from him,we (not worry).
If you (be) busy,I (wait).
Conditionals of the I,II,III types.
Open the brackets and write each sentence in the I,II,III types of Conditionals.
If you (come) on time,we (catch) the train.
If the team (win) the match,it (be) a champion.
Make up the sentences.
At home go to bed at once.
If I am a poet I would got that book.
In the South be very sorry.
If I (were) come home late bathe every day.
Gone to the library I will gone to the theatre.
Fall ill been pleased.
If I had (been) had a ticket yesterday I would have write nice poems.
Met you yesterday have a good time.
Lose my money go to the doctor
Translate .
Если погода была бы(будет)хорошая,мы бы играли(будем) играть в футбол.
1. Завершите УП, определив их тип по форме глагола в первой части предложений.
Например: If the film is boring we … (leave) at once. (Если фильм будет скучным, мы сразу же уйдем.) – If the film is boring we will leave at once.
She would look much younger if she … (be) slim. (Она бы выглядела намного моложе, если бы была стройной.) – She would look much younger if she were slim.
1. If the flight is delayed our guests … (be) late. (Если рейс задержат, наши гости опоздают.)
2. We would have gone to the beach if the rain … (stop). (Мы бы сходили на пляж, если бы дождь прекратился.)
3. They will miss the train if they … (not run.) (Они опоздают на поезд, если не побегут.)
4. If you had given her the letter she … (tear) it to pieces. (Если бы ты дал ей письмо, она бы разорвала его на кусочки.)
5. If Jack moves too slowly he … (not win) the game. (Если Джек будет двигаться слишком медленно, он не победит в игре.)
6. If I lost my job I … (move) to the country. (Если бы я потеряла работу, я бы переехала в сельскую местность.)
7. She would invite our kids if they … (behave) themselves. (Она бы пригласила наших детей, если бы они вели себя хорошо.)
8. If Tom were more careful he … (not break) things. (Если бы Том был более внимательным, он бы не ломал вещи.)
9. If she had had a car she … (drive) there. (Если бы у нее была машина, она бы туда доехала.)
10. You wouldn’t have got wet if you … (put on) your mackintosh. (Ты бы не промок, если бы надел плащ.)
2. Составьте список того, о чем мечтает маленький Джонни, используя II тип условных предложений. Переведите получившиеся предложения.
Например: If I had much money I would buy a sports car. (Если бы у меня было много денег, я бы купил спортивную машину.)
If I had much money … …make a strawberry cake.
If I were tall … …buy a sports car .
If I knew French well … …save people.
If I could cook … …play basketball.
If I had a bunch of flowers … …move to Canada.
If I were a fireman … …give it to Alice.
3. Поставьте глаголы из скобок в необходимую форму, обращая внимание на тип условных предложений.
0 тип
1. When my sister … (come) to town we … (go) to the cinema together. (Когда моя сестра приезжает в город, мы ходим вместе в кино.)
2. If my kids … (run) in the playground they … (become) very thirsty. (Если мои дети бегают на игровой площадке, они очень хотят пить.)
I тип
1. If it … (cost) too much I … (not take) it. (Если он стоит слишком много, я не возьму его.)
2. She … (be) angry if you … (lose) this photo. (Она разозлится, если ты потеряешь эту фотографию.)
3. If you … (not eat up) the bread we … (feed) the birds in the garden. (Если вы не съедите хлеб, мы покормим птиц в саду.)
II тип
1. If I … (have) free time now I … (watch) my favourite film. (Если бы у меня было свободное время сейчас, я бы посмотрел любимый фильм.)
2. If I … (be) you I … (not eat) fast food. (На твоем месте я бы не ел фаст фуд.)
3. His job … (be) so hard if he … (not have) a secretary. (Его работа была бы такой тяжелой, если бы у него не было секретаря.)
III тип
1. If you … (not smoke) so much you … (not be) in hospital now. (Если бы ты не курил столько, ты бы сейчас не лежал в больнице.)
2. If we … (meet) him yesterday we … (call) you. (Если бы мы встретили его вчера, мы бы позвонили тебе.)
Ответы:
1. will be
2. had stopped
3. don’t run
4. would have torn
5. won’t win (will not win)
6. would move
7. behaved
8. wouldn’t break
9. would have driven
10. had put on
If I were tall I would play basketball. (Если бы я был высоким, я бы играл в баскетбол.)
If I knew French well I would move to Canada. (Если бы я знал французский хорошо, я бы переехал в Канаду.)
If I could cook I would make a strawberry cake. (Если бы я мог готовить, я бы сделал клубничный торт.)
If I had a bunch of flowers I would give it to Alice. (Если бы у меня был букет цветов, я бы подарил его Алисе.)
If I were a fireman I would save people. (Если бы я был пожарным, я бы спасал людей.)
0 тип
1. comes – go
2. run – become
I тип
1. costs – will not take (won’t take)
2. will be – lose
3. don’t eat up – will feed
II тип
1. had – would watch
2. were – wouldn’t eat
3. would be – didn’t have
III тип
1. hadn’t smoked – wouldn’t have been
2. had met – would have called
Хотя , пока будем формально считать, что время глагола, которое называется Future Simple Tense, является основным для выражения будущего времени в английском языке. Кстати, в сложных предложениях времени и условия в английском языке, о которых пойдет речь в этом уроке, используется именно Future Simple Tense.
Что такое придаточные предложения времени и условия?
Могут относиться к настоящему и будущему времени (реальные условия), а также бы нереальными. В этом уроке речь пойдет о сложных предложениях, которые относятся к будущему времени , типа
Если погода будет хорошая, я пойду гулять.
Такие предложения в английском языке называются условными предложениями ПЕРВОГО ТИПА (First Conditionals). Другое название — When and If Sentences / First Conditional and Time Clauses.
Обратите внимание, что в примере на русском языке в обеих частях : в первой части (придаточной) и во второй части (главной), употребляется будущее время.
Однако в английском языке работает ПРАВИЛО: после IF/ WHEN — нет будущего.
Оно означает, что в придаточном предложении вместо Future Simple, нужно употреблять Present Simple.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ. Вместо союза ЕСЛИ может стоять любой другой союз времени или условия.
Теперь настало время познакомиться с союзами времени и условия.
2. Союзы времени и условия в английском языке
Если вы начинающий, то запомните два главных союза if (если) и when (когда).
- I will stay if she comes. — Я останусь, если она придет.
- I will leave when he comes. — Я уйду, когда он придет.
А. Условные союзы в английском языке:
- if — если
- unless — если не
- on condition that — при условии что
- I will stay if she comes. — Я останусь, если она придет.
- I will stay providing she comes. — Я останусь при условии, если только она придет.
- I won’t stay unless she comes. — Я не останусь, если она не придет.
Обратите внимание, что в английских условных предложениях запятая отсутствует.
В. Союзы времени в английском языке
- when — когда
- as soon as — как только
- till (until) — до тех пор пока (не)
- before — раньше, до того как
- after — после
- I will leave when he comes. — Я уйду, когда он придет.
- I will leave as soon as he comes. — Я уйду, как только он придет.
- I won’t leave till he comes. — Я не уйду, пока он не придет.
- I had left before he came. — Я ушел до того, как он пришел.
- I left after he had come. — Я ушел после того, как он пришел.
Итак, подведем итоги этой темы и сформулируем еще раз основное ПРАВИЛО.
В придаточных предложениях, относящихся к будущему, после союзов when и if и других вместо будущего времени (Future Simple), надо употреблять наcтоящее (Present Simple). Такие предложения в английском языке называются First Conditional and Time Clauses.
Для самопроверки выберите правильный вариант.
Я надеюсь, что вы внимательно прочитали правило, примеры и перевод. Если же ваше мнение отличается от мнения БОЛЬШИНСТВА, то вернитесь к началу урока. А мы переходим к упражнениям.
3. Придаточные предложения времени и условия в английском языке. Упражнения на First Conditionals
ВНИМАНИЕ! Данные предложения не являются условными. В них правило не работает!
I’d like to know when Dan will be back
. – Я хотела бы знать, когда вернется Дэн.
I don’t know if she will come home.
– Я не знаю, вернется ли она домой.
Упражнение (вводное).
1. I wonder if he (laugh) all day.
2. She will buy a new bag when she (arrive) to London.
3. I will stay here till he (come).
4. Tell him about it if he (want).
5. I wonder when somebody (come and tell) her what to do.
6. Do you know if your uncle (come back) from his trip tomorrow?
7. Don’t tell her about it before she (ask).
8. I will know all about it when I (get) a letter from her.
9. She will catch bad cold unless she (go and change) her wet shoes.
10. I wonder when you (be ready) and if you (be on time).
11. I am not sure when she (return).
12. Will you wait until he (come)?
13. Please, book a return ticket if you (get) to New York.
14. I shall cut some sandwiches in case they (be) hungry.
Упражнение 1. Заполните пропуски союзами when или if.
Выполните упражнение, если вы путаете союзы when и if.
1. … I go home tonight, I’ll have a bath.
2. … there is a good programme on TV, I’ll watch it.
3. … there’s nothing in the fridge, we’ll eat out.
4. We’ll go skiing next winter … we have enough money.
5. … it’s a nice day tomorrow, we’ll go swimming.
6. I’m coming to London tomorrow. I’ll phone you … I arrive.
7. We’re thinking of going to Spain for our holidays. … we decide to go, I’ll let you know.
Упражнение 2 . Вставьте вместо точек when или if.
Похожее упражнение, но во второй части иногда встречается повелительное наклонение.
1. … you can’t do your homework, ask for help.
2. I’ll give the money back to you, … I see you next time.
3. I’ll come to bed … this programme ends.
4. … anyone phones me, tell them I’m out.
5. Come on! … we hurry, we’ll catch the bus!
6. … I play tennis with Justin, he always wins.
7. The shops are full of things to buy … Christmas comes.
8. «I’ve lost my bag.» - «… I find it, I’ll let you know.»
Упражнение 3 . Составьте сложное предложение из двух простых, используя союзы, данные в скобках. Примените правило 1.
ОБРАЗЕЦ: I’ll wait here. You’ll get back. (until ) — I’ll wait here until you get back.
1. Give me a ring. You’ll hear some news. (when)
2. The TV programme will end. I’ll do my homework. (after)
3. I’ll go to work. I’ll have a bath. (before)
4. She’ll be in Paris. She’ll visit friends. (when)
5. The lesson will end. I’ll go home. (as soon as)
6. I won’t leave the house. The postman will call. (until)
7. Can you feed the cats? I’ll be away, (when)
8. I’ll tell you about the holiday. I’ll get back. (when)
9. I’ll study English. I’ll speak it perfectly. (until)
Упражнение 4 . Ваш друг уезжает на каникулы. Задайте ему вопросы о его поездке.
ОБРАЗЕЦ: What/do/miss/plane? — What will you do if you miss the plane?
1. What/do/plane/be delayed?
2. Where/stay/hotels/be full?
3. Who/talk to/not make any friends?
4. What/do/not like the food?
5. Where/go/beaches/be crowded?
6. What/do/get sunburnt?
Упражнение 5 . Раскройте скобки, правильно употребив времена Future Simple и Present Simple.
ОБРАЗЕЦ. When I (see) Tom tomorrow, I (invite) him to our party. — When I see Tom tomorrow, I will invite him to our party.
1. Before you (leave), don’t forget to shut the windows. 2. I (phone) you as soon as I (arrive) in London. 3. Please don’t touch anything before the police (come). 4. Everyone (be) very surprised if he (pass) the exams. 5. When you (see) Brian again, you (not/ recognize) him. 6. We (not/start) dinner until Jack (arrive). 7. (you/ feel) lonely without me while I (be) away? 8. If I (need) any help, I (ask) you. 9. Come on! Hurry up! Ann (be) annoyed if we (be) late.
Упражнение 6. Объедините два предложения в одно по образцу. Используй союзы времени или условия по смыслу.
ОБРАЗЕЦ. You are going to leave soon. You must visit the doctor before that. — You must visit the doctor before you leave.
1. I’ll find somewhere to live. Then I’ll give you my address.
2. It’s going to start raining. Let’s go out before that.
3. I’m going to do the shopping. Then I’ll come home straight.
4. You’ll be in London next month. You must come and see me then.
5. I’m going to finish reading this book. Then I’ll get the dinner ready. (when)
6. We’ll make our decision. Then we’ll let you know. (as soon as)
Упражнение 7
. Вставьте вместо точек if или when.
1. … I see Tom tomorrow, I’ll invite him to our party.
2. … it rains this evening, I won’t go out.
3. I’ll phone you … I get back.
4. I’m feeling very tired. I think I’ll go straight to bed … I get home.
5. I’ll be very surprised … he doesn’t get the job.
Упражнение 8. Составьте смысловые цепочки предложений по образцу, используя if и will.
ОБРАЗЕЦ. If the earth gets warmer, the sea will get warmer. — If the sea gets warmer, the ice at the North and South Poles will melt. — If the ice …, etc.
1. the earth gets warmer
2. the sea gets warmer
3. the ice at the North and South Poles melts
4. the sea level rises
5. there are floods in many parts of the world
Упражнение 9 . Ваш друг отправляется за границу. Задайте ему вопросы.
ОБРАЗЕЦ: What/do/fall ill? - What will you do if you fall ill?
1. What/do/lose your passport?
2. What/do/not like/the food?
3. Where/go/need to phone your parents?
4. What/do/want/to make friends?
5. What/do/decide to improve your pronunciation?
Упражнение 10 . Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужную форму. Предложения относятся к будущему.
1. If you (eat) another cake, you (be) sick. 2. You (fail) your exam if you (not/study) hard. 3. What you (do) if you (fail)? 4. Our children and grandchildren (suffer) if we (not/look after) our planet. 5. If you (be) late, I (go) without you. 6. If she (pass) her driving test, she (buy) a car. 7. If my neighbours (not/stop) making a noise, I (complain).